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    氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程 ：在通常情況下氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)是(shi)不導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)，但(dan)在高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)的(de)作用下氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)內(nei)部的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)便會(hui)獲得足夠的(de)能(neng)量成(cheng)為自(zi)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)而導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，被(bei)稱為自(zi)發(fa)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離現(xian)象。氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)自(zi)發(fa)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離是(shi)建立在非均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)中。在均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)中，隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)增加，只要其間任何一(yi)點發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)離，兩極間將立即充滿帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)離子(zi)，整個空間的(de)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)被(bei)擊穿(chuan)。此(ci)時電(dian)(dian)(dian)流急劇(ju)增加而形(xing)成(cheng)火花(hua)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)。而在非均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)強度則隨兩極間的(de)距離增大而迅速下降。

    工業中(zhong)的選擇 ：根據供電(dian)極性的不(bu)同，電(dian)暈(yun)有(you)陰電(dian)暈(yun)和陽電(dian)暈(yun)之分。在工業生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)，大多采用陰電(dian)暈(yun)，因為在相同的條件下(xia)，陰電(dian)暈(yun)可(ke)以(yi)獲得(de)比(bi)陽電(dian)暈(yun)高的電(dian)流，而且(qie)其閃絡電(dian)壓也遠比(bi)陽電(dian)暈(yun)放電(dian)要高。

結構電(dian)(dian)(dian)捕(bu)(bu)焦(jiao)油(you)器由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)捕(bu)(bu)焦(jiao)油(you)器主體(ti)(ti)和供給高壓(ya)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)整流(liu)設備組(zu)成。電(dian)(dian)(dian)捕(bu)(bu)焦(jiao)油(you)器均由(you)筒體(ti)(ti)、沉淀極、電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極和電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)絕緣箱四(si)大部分組(zu)成。筒體(ti)(ti)是圓筒形(xing)的(de)(內徑根據(ju)煤(mei)氣(qi)流(liu)量決定)，并帶有(you)封(feng)頭(tou)，筒體(ti)(ti)上部設有(you)出氣(qi)管，下部設有(you)進氣(qi)管，并設有(you)兩個人孔和一個防爆閥。